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Taxonomy

Collection 10440 is Hebeloma hiemale.

Description

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details

    Collection 10440 was collected by D. Schafer, det: H.J. Beker on 20th October 2004 in Whitecross, Buckinghamshire, ENGLAND (approx. 51.76°N, 0.93°W, altitude approximately 80 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Betulaceae (genus Betula), Fagaceae (genus Quercus) and Salicaceae (genus Salix) were present.

    The surrounding habitat was described as woodland with a substrate of decomposed litter, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.

    According to the GPS data the collection was in the English Lowlands beech forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Cfb (Temperate, no dry season, warm summer).

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description

    Cortina present: no.

    Pileus: 40–66 mm diameter; shape convex; margin characters smooth; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation two-colour; with colour at centre pale yellow, yellowish brown; and colour at margin pale yellow; with remains of universal veil no.

    Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth up to 5 mm; number of complete lamellae 59; tears visible with x10 lens; white fimbriate edge present.

    Stipe: 93–122 x 5–7 {median} x 5–7 {basal} mm; stipe Q 16.9–17.4; base cylindrical; floccosity floccose; rooting no; mycelial chords no.

    Context: texture firm; stipe interior stuffed; stipe flesh discolouring from base yes; slenderness measure 35.8; smell raphanoid; taste not recorded.

    Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.

    Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description

    Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope yellow brown; guttulate yes; papillate no; Spore Code: O2; P0; P1; D1.

    Basidia: 20.5–26.9 x 5.6–7.7 μm; ave. Q = 3.4; basidia spore nature not recorded.

    Cheilocystidia: main shape capitate-stipitate, clavate-lageniform or clavate-ventricose, spathulate-stipitate; special features apical thickening, geniculate, septa; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.80; A/B = 1.25; B/M = 1.54.

    Pleurocystidia: no.

    Ixocutis: analysis not yet complete.

    Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.

    Spore(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length (µm)(8.7) 9.0–12.2 (13.1)10.210.10.960
    Width (µm)(4.3) 4.5–5.6 (5.7)5.05.00.320
    Q(1.69) 1.82–2.29 (2.36)2.052.070.14

    Cheilocystidium (µm)(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length(30) 33–63 (69)41409.56
    Apex Width(5.1) 5.4–11.2 (15.9)7.57.01.960
    Median Width(3.3) 3.4–5.3 (5.7)4.44.40.67
    Basal Width(4.0) 4.7–9.0 (9.6)6.76.41.47
  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
    Max tempMin tempPrecipitation
    Annualised average (2004)14.28 °C7.14 °C57.11 mm
    Collection month (10/2004)14.03 °C7.47 °C95.66 mm
    Max month (2004)22.34 °C13.56 °C117.49 mm

Compare this collection to its species

This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.

Image gallery

Detailed statistics

Spore measurementsMy valueSpecies mean valuePosition
Count 56.0 66.09 44th–45th/82
Average length 10.2 11.31 87th/91
Average width 5.0 6.30 91st/91
Standard deviation of length 0.96 0.74 8th–9th/82
Standard deviation of width 0.32 0.36 43rd–48th/82
Median length 10.1 11.37 79th–80th/82
Median width 5.0 6.33 82nd/82
Minimum length 8.7 9.72 90th–91st/91
Minimum width 4.3 5.55 90th/90
Low length 9.0 10.22 89th–91st/91
Low width 4.5 5.79 90th/90
High length 12.2 12.41 52nd–55th/91
High width 5.6 6.86 89th/90
Max length 13.1 13.05 42nd–43rd/91
Max width 5.7 7.21 89th/90
Spore featureValueCommonalities
Ornamentation O2 92% of collections
Perispore loosening P0; P1 57% of collections; 69% of collections
Dextrinoidity D1 100% of collections