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Taxonomy

Collection 11545 is Hebeloma geminatum.

Description

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details

    Collection 11545 was collected by A. Andrews on 22nd October 2005 in Tudeley Wood, West Kent, ENGLAND (51.1661°N, 0.31°E, altitude approximately 90 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Betulaceae (genus Betula) and Fagaceae (genus Quercus) were present.

    The surrounding habitat was described as deciduous woodland with a substrate of acidic, sandy soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.

    According to the GPS data the collection was in the English Lowlands beech forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Cfb (Temperate, no dry season, warm summer).

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description

    Cortina present: no.

    Pileus: up to 120 mm diameter; shape convex; margin characters not recorded; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre pale cream; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil no.

    Lamellae: attachment adnate; maximum depth not recorded; number of complete lamellae 88; tears visible with naked eye; white fimbriate edge present.

    Stipe: 110 x 12 {median} x 5 {basal} mm; stipe Q 9.2; base tapering; floccosity floccose; rooting no; mycelial chords not recorded.

    Context: texture firm; stipe interior not recorded; stipe flesh discolouring from base weak; slenderness measure 8.4; smell raphanoid weakly; taste not recorded.

    Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.

    Exsiccata: normal.

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description

    Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope not recorded; guttulate not recorded; papillate no; Spore Code: O3; P0; P1; D0; D1.

    Basidia: 21.7–28.6 x 7.0–7.6 μm; ave. Q = 3.6; basidia spore nature not recorded.

    Cheilocystidia: main shape capitate-stipitate, clavate-stipitate; special features conglutinate not; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 2.12; A/B = 1.95; B/M = 1.11.

    Pleurocystidia: no.

    Ixocutis: analysis not yet complete.

    Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.

    Spore(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length (µm)(8.1) 8.6–11.2 (12.5)9.89.80.860
    Width (µm)(4.8) 5.0–6.1 (6.2)5.45.40.360
    Q(1.47) 1.58–2.01 (2.30)1.801.800.15

    Cheilocystidium (µm)(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length(52) 53–74 (80)62616.92
    Apex Width(6.2) 7.6–10.6 (11.6)9.19.21.000
    Median Width(3.6) 3.7–5.24.34.20.43
    Basal Width3.5–6.1 (6.8)4.84.60.93
  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
    Max tempMin tempPrecipitation
    Annualised average (2005)14.34 °C6.81 °C56.51 mm
    Collection month (10/2005)16.86 °C10.31 °C92.37 mm
    Max month (2005)21.63 °C12.74 °C92.37 mm

Compare this collection to its species

This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.

Image gallery

Detailed statistics

Spore measurementsMy valueSpecies mean valuePosition
Count 55.0 60.81 19th/32
Average length 9.8 10.35 30th–32nd/32
Average width 5.4 5.82 32nd/32
Standard deviation of length 0.86 0.70 5th/32
Standard deviation of width 0.36 0.32 11th–12th/32
Median length 9.8 10.39 30th–31st/32
Median width 5.4 5.83 32nd/32
Minimum length 8.1 8.73 29th/32
Minimum width 4.8 5.09 28th–29th/32
Low length 8.6 9.21 31st/32
Low width 5.0 5.35 31st–32nd/32
High length 11.2 11.39 23rd–24th/32
High width 6.1 6.33 23rd–26th/32
Max length 12.5 12.00 7th–8th/32
Max width 6.2 6.61 28th–29th/32
Spore featureValueCommonalities
Ornamentation O3 96% of collections
Perispore loosening P0; P1 25% of collections; 93% of collections
Dextrinoidity D0; D1 48% of collections; 87% of collections