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Taxonomy

Collection 10776 (held at herbarium UPS) is Hebeloma geminatum.

Description

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details

    Collection 10776 was collected by A. Taylor (2004061), det: AT on 5th July 2004 in Uppsala Hosp.,Uppsala, SWEDEN (approx. 59.6°N, 16.54°E, altitude approximately 50 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Pinaceae (genera Picea and Pinus) and Malvaceae (genus Tilia) were present.

    The surrounding habitat was described as mixed parkland with a substrate of grassy soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 14.5: Urban Areas.

    According to the GPS data the collection was in the Sarmatic mixed forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Dfb (Cold, no dry season, warm summer).

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description

    Cortina present: no.

    Pileus: up to 60 mm diameter; shape convex; margin characters involute; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre pale cream, pale yellow; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil no.

    Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth up to 6 mm; number of complete lamellae 96; tears visible with naked eye; white fimbriate edge present.

    Stipe: 55 x 11 {median} x 15 {basal} mm; stipe Q 5.0; base clavate; floccosity floccose; rooting no; mycelial chords no.

    Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow; stipe flesh discolouring from base weak; slenderness measure 4.6; smell not recorded; taste not recorded.

    Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.

    Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description

    Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope not recorded; guttulate not recorded; papillate weak; Spore Code: O3; P1; P2; D1.

    Basidia: 26.9–37.5 x 8.9–9.0 μm; ave. Q = 3.6; basidia spore nature not recorded.

    Cheilocystidia: main shape clavate-stipitate; special features conglutinate, septa, sinuate; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 2.01; A/B = 2.31; B/M = 0.91.

    Pleurocystidia: no.

    Ixocutis: analysis not yet complete.

    Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.

    Spore(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length (µm)(8.4) 9.0–11.6 (11.8)10.610.70.750
    Width (µm)(5.4) 5.6–6.6 (6.8)6.16.10.300
    Q(1.32) 1.50–1.92 (2.02)1.741.750.13

    Cheilocystidium (µm)(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length(39) 42–71576010.24
    Apex Width(6.3) 6.8–9.9 (10.6)8.18.00.860
    Median Width(3.4) 3.6–5.0 (5.2)4.34.30.5
    Basal Width(2.3) 2.4–5.4 (5.7)3.94.00.92
  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
    Max tempMin tempPrecipitation
    Annualised average (2004)11.06 °C2.78 °C44.77 mm
    Collection month (7/2004)21.21 °C11.43 °C72.73 mm
    Max month (2004)22.41 °C12.92 °C83.94 mm

Compare this collection to its species

This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.

Image gallery

Detailed statistics

Spore measurementsMy valueSpecies mean valuePosition
Count 61.0 60.81 13th–14th/32
Average length 10.6 10.35 9th–12th/32
Average width 6.1 5.82 5th/32
Standard deviation of length 0.75 0.70 10th–11th/32
Standard deviation of width 0.3 0.32 16th/32
Median length 10.7 10.39 7th–10th/32
Median width 6.1 5.83 5th/32
Minimum length 8.4 8.73 23rd–26th/32
Minimum width 5.4 5.09 4th–5th/32
Low length 9.0 9.21 20th–23rd/32
Low width 5.6 5.35 4th–7th/32
High length 11.6 11.39 7th–11th/32
High width 6.6 6.33 7th–9th/32
Max length 11.8 12.00 19th/32
Max width 6.8 6.61 7th–13th/32
Spore featureValueCommonalities
Ornamentation O3 96% of collections
Perispore loosening P1; P2 93% of collections; 12% of collections
Dextrinoidity D1 87% of collections