Taxonomy
Collection 1000122 (herbarium acc. no. C-F-74732) is the neotype of Hebeloma birrus.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 1000122 was collected by J. Vesterholt (94-390) on 4th September 1994 in Ostergotland at Rejmyre, NW of Norrkoping., SWEDEN (approx. 58.82°N, 15.92°E, altitude approximately 75 m above sea level - Google maps). No ectomycorrhizal plants were recorded.
The surrounding habitat was described as coniferous woodland, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Sarmatic mixed forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Dfb (Cold, no dry season, warm summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: no.
Pileus: 10–75 mm diameter; shape umbonate strongly; margin characters crenulate; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation two-colour; with colour at centre dark brick; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil no.
Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth not recorded; number of complete lamellae 55; tears absent; white fimbriate edge weak.
Stipe: 25–85 x 3–14 {median} x 4–15 {basal} mm; stipe Q 6.1–8.3; base clavate; floccosity floccose; rooting yes; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow; stipe flesh discolouring from base no; slenderness measure 13.9; smell cocoa, soap; taste bitter.
Spore deposit colour: umber.
Exsiccata: shiny.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid, limoniform; colour through microscope brown; guttulate yes; papillate weak; Spore Code: O3; P2; P3; D3; D4.
Basidia: 24.7–30.6 x 6.8–6.9 μm; ave. Q = 3.9; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape cylindrical; special features clamped septa; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.17; A/B = 1.03; B/M = 1.16.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) 200 μm; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 5 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation yes; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis angular.
Caulocystidia: caulocystidia maximum length 110 μm.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (8.8) 9.1–11.5 (11.9) 10.3 10.4 0.730 Width (µm) (4.7) 4.9–5.9 (6.0) 5.5 5.6 0.330 Q (1.58) 1.67–2.05 (2.11) 1.88 1.88 0.12 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (19) 21–35 (43) 28 27 5.01 Apex Width (3.5) 3.9–5.5 (6.4) 4.7 4.7 0.550 Median Width (2.7) 3.5–5.0 (5.2) 4.2 4.3 0.51 Basal Width (3.1) 3.7–5.6 (6.1) 4.9 4.8 0.62
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (1994) 10.36 °C 2.55 °C 53.16 mm Collection month (9/1994) 14.57 °C 8.06 °C 151.73 mm Max month (1994) 26.49 °C 13.43 °C 151.73 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 51.0 | 55.00 | 24th–26th/42 |
| Average length | 10.3 | 10.02 | 12th–15th/43 |
| Average width | 5.5 | 5.65 | 27th–32nd/43 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.73 | 0.59 | 4th–6th/40 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.33 | 0.29 | 10th–13th/40 |
| Median length | 10.4 | 10.02 | 10th–12th/40 |
| Median width | 5.6 | 5.66 | 18th–26th/40 |
| Minimum length | 8.8 | 8.72 | 17th–21st/41 |
| Minimum width | 4.7 | 4.98 | 35th/41 |
| Low length | 9.1 | 9.10 | 18th–23rd/41 |
| Low width | 4.9 | 5.19 | 33rd–38th/41 |
| High length | 11.5 | 10.90 | 5th–9th/41 |
| High width | 5.9 | 6.06 | 26th–30th/41 |
| Max length | 11.9 | 11.37 | 8th–12th/41 |
| Max width | 6.0 | 6.25 | 28th–34th/41 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O3 | 86% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P2; P3 | 45% of collections; 100% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D3; D4 | 56% of collections; 93% of collections |