Taxonomy
Collection 1000040 (herbarium acc. no. LY BR64-24) is the holotype of Hebeloma ingratum.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 1000040 was collected by G. Bruchet on 11th September 1964 in Montcharvet, near Saint-Bon (Savoie), Haute Savoie, FRANCE (approx. 45.3967°N, 6.6856°E, altitude approximately 1750 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Betulaceae (genus Betula), Pinaceae (genus Picea) and Salicaceae (genera Populus and Salix) were present.
The surrounding habitat was described as alpine meadow edge with a substrate of grassy soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 5.11: Wetlands (inland) – Alpine wetlands (inc. temporary waters from snowmelt).
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Alps conifer and mixed forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Conifer Forests) and Koppen climate code Dfc (Cold, no dry season, cold summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: no.
Pileus: 25–55 mm diameter; shape convex, umbonate broadly; margin characters involute, serrate; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous not recorded; colour variation two-colour; with colour at centre ochraceous; and colour at margin cream; with remains of universal veil no.
Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth not recorded; number of complete lamellae not recorded; tears visible with x10 lens; white fimbriate edge present.
Stipe: 35–65 x 6–8 {median} x 6–13 {basal} mm; stipe Q 5.8–8.1; base clavate, cylindrical, subbulbous; floccosity floccose at apex; rooting no; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow, stuffed; stipe flesh discolouring from base weak; slenderness measure 8.9; smell raphanoid; taste bitter, raphanoid.
Spore deposit colour: yellowish brown.
Exsiccata: normal.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid, limoniform; colour through microscope not recorded; guttulate not recorded; papillate yes; Spore Code: O2; O3; P1; P2; D2.
Basidia: 28.8–29.2 x 7.2–10.3 μm; ave. Q = 3.4; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape clavate, clavate-lageniform or clavate-ventricose, lageniform, ventricose; special features apical thickening, long, median thickening; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.56; A/B = 1.16; B/M = 1.40.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) not recorded; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 5 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation not recorded; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis not recorded.
Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (9.2) 9.7–12.1 (12.9) 10.9 10.9 0.770 Width (µm) (5.5) 5.7–6.9 (7.0) 6.3 6.3 0.360 Q (1.51) 1.57–1.96 (2.06) 1.74 1.74 0.12 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (34) 36–61 (63) 52 52 7.9 Apex Width (3.4) 3.7–6.5 (7.5) 5.2 5.2 0.820 Median Width (2.7) 2.8–4.3 (4.4) 3.5 3.5 0.46 Basal Width (3.1) 3.2–6.5 (6.7) 4.8 4.8 1.07
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (1964) 5.54 °C -1.74 °C 102.49 mm Collection month (9/1964) 12.20 °C 4.08 °C 66.46 mm Max month (1964) 16.30 °C 6.20 °C 241.22 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 65.0 | 67.42 | 6th/19 |
| Average length | 10.9 | 10.63 | 2nd–5th/19 |
| Average width | 6.3 | 5.98 | 4th–5th/19 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.77 | 0.69 | 6th/19 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.36 | 0.32 | 5th–6th/19 |
| Median length | 10.9 | 10.67 | 4th–7th/19 |
| Median width | 6.3 | 6.00 | 4th–5th/19 |
| Minimum length | 9.2 | 8.98 | 5th–8th/19 |
| Minimum width | 5.5 | 5.20 | 2nd/19 |
| Low length | 9.7 | 9.53 | 4th–5th/19 |
| Low width | 5.7 | 5.47 | 5th/19 |
| High length | 12.1 | 11.68 | 1st–3rd/19 |
| High width | 6.9 | 6.47 | 2nd–3rd/19 |
| Max length | 12.9 | 12.26 | 3rd/19 |
| Max width | 7.0 | 6.73 | 5th/19 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O2; O3 | 52% of collections; 89% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P1; P2 | 89% of collections; 26% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D2 | 89% of collections |