Taxonomy
Collection 12099 (herbarium acc. no. BR 5020184113490) is the epitype of Hebeloma radicosum.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 12099 was collected by J. Malaval on 27th September 2007 in Ste Croix-Volve, Ariege, FRANCE (43.1125°N, 1.1644°E, altitude approximately 360 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal family Fagaceae (genus Castanea) was present.
The surrounding habitat was described as mixed woodland with a substrate of litter, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Western European broadleaf forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Cfb (Temperate, no dry season, warm summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: no.
Pileus: 43–49 mm diameter; shape umbonate broadly; margin characters smooth; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting yes; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre pale cream; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil yes.
Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth up to 7 mm; number of complete lamellae 103; tears absent; white fimbriate edge present.
Stipe: 57–80 x 6–12 {median} x 18 {basal} mm; stipe Q 6.7–9.5; base bulbous; floccosity floccose; rooting yes; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow; stipe flesh discolouring from base yes; slenderness measure 11.7; smell marzipan; taste not recorded.
Spore deposit colour: umber.
Exsiccata: normal.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope brown; guttulate yes; papillate no; Spore Code: O3; O4; P2; P3; D3; D4.
Basidia: 23.6–26.7 x 7.3–8.0 μm; ave. Q = 3.3; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape clavate, gently clavate, clavate-stipitate, cylindrical, clavate-lageniform or clavate-ventricose, lageniform, ventricose; special features bifurcate, branching, clamped septa, irregular, geniculate, rostrate, septa; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.48; A/B = 1.17; B/M = 1.43.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) 300 μm; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 4 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation yes; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis ellipsoid, isodiametric up to 20 μm wide.
Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (7.6) 8.0–9.5 (9.6) 8.9 8.9 0.460 Width (µm) (5.0) 5.1–5.7 (5.8) 5.4 5.4 0.180 Q (1.38) 1.48–1.76 (1.91) 1.65 1.67 0.09 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (34) 36–56 (58) 46 47 7.12 Apex Width (3.8) 4.9–9.8 (10.8) 7.2 7.4 1.680 Median Width (3.1) 3.5–6.3 (6.4) 4.8 4.7 1.0 Basal Width (4.1) 4.4–8.7 (9.0) 6.4 6.4 1.38
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (2007) 17.27 °C 7.31 °C 69.01 mm Collection month (9/2007) 21.81 °C 11.19 °C 32.55 mm Max month (2007) 24.72 °C 13.24 °C 140.53 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 62.0 | 34.40 | 3rd/20 |
| Average length | 8.9 | 8.93 | 10th–11th/20 |
| Average width | 5.4 | 5.45 | 10th–14th/20 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.46 | 0.50 | 12th/20 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.18 | 0.27 | 16th–17th/20 |
| Median length | 8.9 | 8.95 | 11th–12th/20 |
| Median width | 5.4 | 5.46 | 10th–16th/20 |
| Minimum length | 7.6 | 7.92 | 15th–17th/20 |
| Minimum width | 5.0 | 4.88 | 5th–11th/20 |
| Low length | 8.0 | 8.21 | 14th/20 |
| Low width | 5.1 | 5.05 | 7th–11th/20 |
| High length | 9.5 | 9.60 | 12th/20 |
| High width | 5.7 | 5.83 | 13th–16th/20 |
| Max length | 9.6 | 9.87 | 15th–16th/20 |
| Max width | 5.8 | 5.97 | 15th–17th/20 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O3; O4 | 100% of collections; 38% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P2; P3 | 66% of collections; 61% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D3; D4 | 95% of collections; 90% of collections |