Taxonomy
Collection 1000042 (herbarium acc. no. LY BR66-71) is the holotype of Hebeloma nigellum.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 1000042 was collected by G. Bruchet on 16th September 1966 in Leon Gromier (Vanoise;Savoie), Savoie, FRANCE (approx. 45.4165°N, 6.7328°E, altitude approximately 2385 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal family Salicaceae (genus Salix) was present.
The surrounding habitat was described as alpine meadow with a substrate of acidic, mossy soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 5.11: Wetlands (inland) – Alpine wetlands (inc. temporary waters from snowmelt).
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Alps conifer and mixed forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Conifer Forests) and Koppen climate code Dfc (Cold, no dry season, cold summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: yes.
Pileus: 8–17 mm diameter; shape convex, umbonate; margin characters involute; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre greyish brown; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil yes.
Lamellae: attachment adnate, emarginate; maximum depth up to 4 mm; number of complete lamellae 24; tears absent; white fimbriate edge weak.
Stipe: 13–21 x 2 {median} x 2 {basal} mm; stipe Q 6.5–8.4; base cylindrical; floccosity fibrillose, pruinose at apex; rooting no; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow; stipe flesh discolouring from base very strongly; slenderness measure 10.5; smell raphanoid; taste bitter, raphanoid.
Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.
Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid, ellipsoid, ovoid; colour through microscope yellow; guttulate no; papillate no; Spore Code: O2; P1; D2; D3.
Basidia: 33.0–45.0 x 9.0–11.0 μm; ave. Q = 3.9; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape cylindrical, lageniform, ventricose; special features not recorded; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.02; A/B = 0.58; B/M = 1.91.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: analysis not yet complete.
Caulocystidia: caulocystidia maximum length 60 μm.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (10.1) 10.2–12.9 (13.1) 11.5 11.5 0.770 Width (µm) (6.4) 6.5–7.4 (7.5) 7.0 6.9 0.290 Q (1.38) 1.49–1.84 (1.98) 1.65 1.64 0.12 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (32) 36–65 (67) 50 52 9.76 Apex Width (2.8) 2.9–7.3 (8.0) 5.0 5.0 1.620 Median Width (2.8) 3.2–7.0 (7.5) 5.0 4.9 1.34 Basal Width (6.1) 6.2–11.3 (12.9) 8.9 8.7 1.74
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (1966) 2.97 °C -3.68 °C 116.15 mm Collection month (9/1966) 9.75 °C 2.75 °C 55.41 mm Max month (1966) 10.15 °C 3.18 °C 261.33 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 40.0 | 35.00 | 12th/26 |
| Average length | 11.5 | 12.15 | 23rd–25th/28 |
| Average width | 7.0 | 7.17 | 21st–28th/28 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.77 | 0.75 | 9th–10th/26 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.29 | 0.36 | 21st–22nd/26 |
| Median length | 11.5 | 12.15 | 24th/26 |
| Median width | 6.9 | 7.18 | 24th–26th/26 |
| Minimum length | 10.1 | 10.76 | 22nd–23rd/27 |
| Minimum width | 6.4 | 6.44 | 13th–21st/28 |
| Low length | 10.2 | 11.14 | 26th/27 |
| Low width | 6.5 | 6.64 | 16th–23rd/28 |
| High length | 12.9 | 13.30 | 18th/27 |
| High width | 7.4 | 7.66 | 22nd–24th/28 |
| Max length | 13.1 | 13.74 | 18th/27 |
| Max width | 7.5 | 7.84 | 21st–24th/28 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O2 | 86% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P1 | 13% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D2; D3 | 48% of collections; 83% of collections |