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Taxonomy

Collection 1000384 (herbarium acc. no. IB 19971307) is the holotype of Hebeloma indicum.

Description

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details

    Collection 1000384 was collected by K.A. Thomas (T108b) on 23rd July 1997 in Wayanad district, Ponkhuzhy, Kerala, INDIA (approx. 11.6875°N, 76.3919°E, altitude approximately 850 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal family Dipterocarpaceae (genus Hopea) was present.

    The surrounding habitat was described as tropical woodland, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.5: Forest – Subtropical/tropical dry.

    According to the GPS data the collection was in the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests) and Koppen climate code Aw (Tropical, savannah).

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description

    Cortina present: yes.

    Pileus: 9–30 mm diameter; shape convex, umbilicate; margin characters involute, smooth; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting not recorded; hygrophanous not recorded; colour variation two-colour; with colour at centre pinkish buff, dark pinkish buff, cinnamon, yellowish brown, brick, orange-brown; and colour at margin pale pinkish buff, pinkish buff, clay-pink; with remains of universal veil not recorded.

    Lamellae: attachment adnate; maximum depth up to 5 mm; number of complete lamellae 60; tears not recorded; white fimbriate edge not recorded.

    Stipe: 15–55 x 2–6 {median} x 3–7 {basal} mm; stipe Q 7.5–8.5; base clavate, cylindrical; floccosity fibrillose, floccose weak; rooting not recorded; mycelial chords not recorded.

    Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow, stuffed; stipe flesh discolouring from base not recorded; slenderness measure 14.0; smell none; taste not recorded.

    Spore deposit colour: fawn, dark brick.

    Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.

  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description

    Spores: shape amygdaloid, limoniform; colour through microscope brown; guttulate yes; papillate very strongly; Spore Code: O4; P3; D4.

    Basidia: 24.6–31.9 x 7.2–9.0 μm; ave. Q = 3.3; basidia spore nature not recorded.

    Cheilocystidia: main shape balloon-shaped, pyriform, turbinate, utriform, ventricose; special features irregular, large, many collapsed in exsiccata, rostrate, uniform; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.03; A/B = 0.88; B/M = 1.44.

    Pleurocystidia: yes.

    Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) not recorded; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 10 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation yes; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis not recorded.

    Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.

    Spore(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length (µm)(8.8) 9.6–11.5 (12.1)10.610.70.690
    Width (µm)(5.8) 6.2–7.9 (8.4)7.07.10.530
    Q(1.31) 1.36–1.83 (1.89)1.521.490.14

    Cheilocystidium (µm)(min) 5%-95% (max)meanmedianS.D.
    Length(24) 31–57 (58)40379.27
    Apex Width(2.1) 2.2–12.0 (12.4)6.06.03.070
    Median Width(2.0) 2.6–14.2 (18.0)6.64.94.49
    Basal Width(3.2) 3.8–10.2 (13.0)7.26.92.27
  • arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
    Max tempMin tempPrecipitation
    Annualised average (1997)26.82 °C17.49 °C217.00 mm
    Collection month (7/1997)23.99 °C18.22 °C451.69 mm
    Max month (1997)31.39 °C18.91 °C859.62 mm

Compare this collection to its species

This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.

Image gallery

Detailed statistics

Spore measurementsMy valueSpecies mean valuePosition
Count 57.0 62.00 2nd/2
Average length 10.6 10.25 1st/2
Average width 7.0 6.40 1st/2
Standard deviation of length 0.69 0.69 1st–2nd/2
Standard deviation of width 0.53 0.49 1st/2
Median length 10.7 10.30 1st/2
Median width 7.1 6.45 1st/2
Minimum length 8.8 8.45 1st/2
Minimum width 5.8 5.40 1st/2
Low length 9.6 9.30 1st/2
Low width 6.2 5.70 1st/2
High length 11.5 11.30 1st/2
High width 7.9 7.20 1st/2
Max length 12.1 12.20 2nd/2
Max width 8.4 7.65 1st/2
Spore featureValueCommonalities
Ornamentation O4 50% of collections
Perispore loosening P3 100% of collections
Dextrinoidity D4 100% of collections