Taxonomy
Collection 1000124 (herbarium acc. no. Holotype: herb R. Fillion RF76-90; Isotype: herb A. Bidaud AB90-10-315) is the holotype of Hebeloma duracinoides.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 1000124 was collected by A. Bidaud, R. Fillion (AB- 90-10-315), det: A. Bidaud on 31st October 1990 in Mussel, Ain, FRANCE (approx. 46.1°N, 5.81°E, altitude approximately 500 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal families Betulaceae (genus Carpinus), Salicaceae (genus Populus), Fagaceae (genus Quercus) and Malvaceae (genus Tilia) were present.
The surrounding habitat was described as deciduous woodland with a substrate of calcareous soil, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Western European broadleaf forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests) and Koppen climate code Cfb (Temperate, no dry season, warm summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: no.
Pileus: 30–70 mm diameter; shape umbonate; margin characters crenulate; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting yes; hygrophanous yes; colour variation two-colour; with colour at centre not recorded; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil yes.
Lamellae: attachment emarginate; maximum depth up to 9 mm; number of complete lamellae 60; tears absent; white fimbriate edge present.
Stipe: 50–110 x 7–15 {median} x 8–18 {basal} mm; stipe Q 7.1–7.3; base tapering; floccosity floccose at apex; rooting yes; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow, stuffed, superior wick; stipe flesh discolouring from base yes; slenderness measure 11.7; smell cocoa, farinaceous; taste mild.
Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.
Exsiccata: normal.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid, limoniform; colour through microscope yellow; guttulate no; papillate very strongly; Spore Code: O3; P2; P3; D3; D4.
Basidia: 36.2–45.9 x 9.1–11.1 μm; ave. Q = 4.0; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape clavate, cylindrical, ventricose; special features bifurcate, irregular, mucronate, septa, short; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.12; A/B = 1.18; B/M = 1.02.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) 50 μm; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 12 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation no; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis ellipsoid, polygonal, thickly sausage-shaped up to 12 μm wide.
Caulocystidia: caulocystidia maximum length 80 μm.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (11.5) 11.6–14.3 (14.9) 13.1 13.1 0.860 Width (µm) (6.6) 7.0–8.2 (8.3) 7.5 7.4 0.360 Q (1.54) 1.56–1.91 (1.98) 1.74 1.73 0.11 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (14) 18–46 (48) 33 34 8.86 Apex Width (2.9) 4.0–7.0 (7.9) 5.3 5.4 0.990 Median Width (2.7) 3.6–8.2 (9.0) 5.4 5.5 1.48 Basal Width (3.3) 3.5–7.3 (9.1) 5.2 5.0 1.2
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (1990) 15.86 °C 6.24 °C 95.33 mm Collection month (10/1990) 16.70 °C 8.65 °C 146.46 mm Max month (1990) 26.74 °C 13.87 °C 185.32 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 50.0 | 50.69 | 9th/13 |
| Average length | 13.1 | 13.18 | 8th–9th/13 |
| Average width | 7.5 | 7.82 | 10th–13th/13 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.86 | 0.80 | 5th–6th/13 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.36 | 0.46 | 11th–12th/13 |
| Median length | 13.1 | 13.19 | 7th–9th/13 |
| Median width | 7.4 | 7.82 | 12th–13th/13 |
| Minimum length | 11.5 | 11.42 | 5th/13 |
| Minimum width | 6.6 | 6.77 | 7th–10th/13 |
| Low length | 11.6 | 11.98 | 11th–12th/13 |
| Low width | 7.0 | 7.09 | 7th/13 |
| High length | 14.3 | 14.36 | 8th–10th/13 |
| High width | 8.2 | 8.49 | 10th/13 |
| Max length | 14.9 | 14.96 | 8th–9th/13 |
| Max width | 8.3 | 8.88 | 11th–13th/13 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O3 | 53% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P2; P3 | 46% of collections; 84% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D3; D4 | 23% of collections; 100% of collections |