Taxonomy
Collection 1000080 (herbarium acc. no. ROHB 00925) is the holotype of Hebeloma theobrominum.Description
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upCollecting details
Collection 1000080 was collected by L. Quadraccia on 16th October 1984 in Manziana, Lazio, ITALY (approx. 42.13°N, 12.13°E, altitude approximately 370 m above sea level - Google maps). The ectomycorrhizal family Fagaceae (genus Quercus) was present.
The surrounding habitat was described as deciduous woodland, corresponding to the IUCN habitat We map from the collector's description of the habitat to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)'s definition using a standardised set of rules. Please see this page for a full list of IUCN habitats. 1.4: Forest – Temperate.
According to the GPS data the collection was in the Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests WWF ecoregion The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) have divided the world into 867 terrestrial ecoregions. The ecoregion here is estimated by mapping from the GPS coordinates of the collection using data made available by Dinerstein et al (2017). Use this webtool to explore the ecoregions visually or see a full list of current ecoregions on Wikipedia. (biome: Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub) and Koppen climate code Csa (Temperate, dry summer, hot summer).
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMacroscopic description
Cortina present: no.
Pileus: 35–55 mm diameter; shape umbonate; margin characters involute, wavy; viscosity tacky when moist; spotting no; hygrophanous no; colour variation unicolor; with colour at centre not recorded; and colour at margin not recorded; with remains of universal veil no.
Lamellae: attachment adnexed; maximum depth not recorded; number of complete lamellae 60; tears visible with x10 lens; white fimbriate edge weak.
Stipe: 30–50 x 7–12 {median} x 7–10 {basal} mm; stipe Q 4.0–4.3; base cylindrical, tapering; floccosity pruinose; rooting no; mycelial chords no.
Context: texture firm; stipe interior hollow; stipe flesh discolouring from base no; slenderness measure 3.7; smell raphanoid weakly; taste bitter weakly, raphanoid weakly.
Spore deposit colour: analysis not yet complete.
Exsiccata: analysis not yet complete.
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upMicroscopic description
Spores: shape amygdaloid; colour through microscope brown pale, yellow pale; guttulate weak; papillate no; Spore Code: O2; P0; D3.
Basidia: 21.8–25.3 x 6.4–8.1 μm; ave. Q = 3.3; basidia spore nature not recorded.
Cheilocystidia: main shape cylindrical, clavate-lageniform or clavate-ventricose; special features short; Cheilocystidia Ratios: A/M = 1.67; A/B = 1.23; B/M = 1.39.
Pleurocystidia: no.
Ixocutis: epicutis thickness (measured from exsiccata) 90 μm; ixocutis maximum hyphae width 6 μm; ixocutis hyphae encrustation no; shape of trama elements beneath subcutis cylindrical, thickly sausage-shaped.
Caulocystidia: analysis not yet complete.
Spore (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length (µm) (7.5) 7.8–9.3 (9.7) 8.6 8.6 0.490 Width (µm) (4.2) 4.5–5.1 (5.4) 4.8 4.8 0.200 Q (1.53) 1.66–1.97 (2.13) 1.81 1.82 0.1 Cheilocystidium (µm) (min) 5%-95% (max) mean median S.D. Length 19–31 (32) 26 26 3.9 Apex Width (3.6) 4.1–6.3 (6.9) 5.0 4.9 0.710 Median Width 2.4–4.0 (4.1) 3.3 3.4 0.5 Basal Width (2.8) 3.0–5.6 (6.7) 4.5 4.5 0.88
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upTemperature calculation
Max temp Min temp Precipitation Annualised average (1984) 18.03 °C 9.86 °C 20.39 mm Collection month (10/1984) 19.29 °C 11.95 °C 19.99 mm Max month (1984) 28.97 °C 17.14 °C 33.09 mm
- arrow_drop_downarrow_drop_upAnalyse this collection
Compare this collection to its species
This section compares data for this collection against its true species and also against the most likely species as determined by our identifier. More often than not these will be the same species, but where this is not the case, the data may be used to help explain why the identifier got it wrong.Image gallery
Detailed statistics
| Spore measurements | My value | Species mean value | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 59.0 | 61.60 | 14th–15th/30 |
| Average length | 8.6 | 9.33 | 27th–28th/30 |
| Average width | 4.8 | 5.00 | 21st–25th/30 |
| Standard deviation of length | 0.49 | 0.54 | 18th/24 |
| Standard deviation of width | 0.2 | 0.27 | 18th–22nd/24 |
| Median length | 8.6 | 9.32 | 21st–22nd/24 |
| Median width | 4.8 | 5.04 | 19th–20th/24 |
| Minimum length | 7.5 | 8.07 | 20th–21st/24 |
| Minimum width | 4.2 | 4.39 | 16th–21st/23 |
| Low length | 7.8 | 8.49 | 24th/24 |
| Low width | 4.5 | 4.62 | 15th–16th/23 |
| High length | 9.3 | 10.17 | 23rd/24 |
| High width | 5.1 | 5.45 | 19th/23 |
| Max length | 9.7 | 10.58 | 22nd/24 |
| Max width | 5.4 | 5.70 | 16th–18th/23 |
| Spore feature | Value | Commonalities |
|---|---|---|
| Ornamentation | O2 | 90% of collections |
| Perispore loosening | P0 | 90% of collections |
| Dextrinoidity | D3 | 93% of collections |